While this distinction between aggregated and disaggregated data may appear straightforward, there is a nuance worth discussing here: a lot of “disaggregated” data in education is actually data that has been technically aggregated, at some level, from records maintained on individual students. Information and translations of aggregate data in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. The main reason for banks to use aggregate data is to estimate economic trends and gain insights on customer clusters. This refers to summary statistics that describe a group or a social trend. Goals: The goal of this instruction is to help you generate simulated point level data use your aggregate crude death rate. International Monetary Fund data, World DataBank, and Penn World Table are examples of transactional and international aggregate data sources. [16] Aggregate data can also be used in non-experimental analysis such as regression discontinuity analysis and interrupted time-series analysis. (the information collected and maintained on individual students is often called student-level data, among other terms). Generally speaking, the main purpose of collecting and reporting aggregate data is to provide useful information about the performance of public schools and public-school students to those who are monitoring schools or working to improve them. [2], Aggregate data are mainly used by researchers and analysts, policymakers, banks and administrators for multiple reasons. To aggregate data is to compile and summarize data; to disaggregate data is to break down aggregated data into component parts or smaller units of data. [11], Aggregate data is used in comparative political analysis because analysts do not only focus on individual’s behaviour. Aggregate data is used to develop information about groups of patients. ‘The notion that economies, as a whole, sometimes lack sufficient drive derives from a faulty set of economic doctrines that focus on the demand side of the aggregate economy.’ For instance, the output of an industry is an aggregate of the firms’ individual outputs within that industry. Find another word for aggregate. [3], In statistics, aggregate data are data combined from several measurements. [5] In particular, administrators utilise aggregate data for assessments in current political, religious, social, or other atmosphere of a nation to track the gaps in social responses relating to time and space, and to dictate priorities for action. [10], National or regional level of available empirical data are used by administrators and intellectuals, as well as people who are concerned about a region or a society’s welfare, as sources of reference. Aggregate data is high-level data which is acquired by combining individual-level data. Economics Denoting the total supply or demand for goods and services in an economy at a particular time. Aggregate definition, formed by the conjunction or collection of particulars into a whole mass or sum; total; combined: the aggregate amount of indebtedness. It will also be used as a formal source for IUC statistics, as well as to oversee the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of the IUC ADC. [2] Individual data are disaggregated individual results and are used to conduct analyses for estimation of subgroup differences. Those who oppose the use of aggregate data in job-performance evaluations generally argue that using aggregate data to evaluate individual educators is often misrepresentative and unfair. Define Aggregate Data. [7], Monetary aggregates are measurements of the money or ‘money-like’ instruments of the banking system, which is owed to businesses and households. Once or twice a year, the school district may be required to submit student-enrollment reports to their state department of education. Census aggregate data are also utilised in the academic sector for teaching and research purposes, as well as for site location and marketing in the private sector. What does aggregate mean? For example, graduation rates are widely considered to be “aggregate data,” while graduation rates reported for different subgroups of students—say, for students of different races and ethnicities—is typically considered to be “disaggregated data.” Yet to produce reports that disaggregate graduation rates by race and ethnicity, data on individual students actually has to be “aggregated” to produce summary graduation rates for different racial subgroups. The ANZ also provides its business customers with anonymised data which is gathered from millions of merchant terminal transactions and ANZ card transactions. That said, a variety of debates related to the use of aggregate data in education have emerged in recent years, typically in response to (1) the use of public reports, often called “school report cards,” intended to provide families and the public with summarized assessments of individual school performance, and (2) the use of average student test scores and other aggregate measures in the job-performance evaluations of educators. [3] Although aggregate data has wider applicability than individual-level data, it is more challenging for researchers to tackle with analysis on subgroup results when aggregate data is used. Definition of aggregate data in the Definitions.net dictionary. composed of mineral crystals of one or more kinds or … SAVED WORDS dictionary. The Glossary of Education Reform welcomes your comments and suggestions. [2] Researchers have also made an effort to evaluate policies, practices and precepts of systems critically with the assistance of aggregate data, to investigate the corresponding relevance and efficacy. [17], There is also a problem of ‘ecological fallacy’. Aggregate data refers to individual data that are averaged by geographic area, by year, by service agency, or by other means. Learn more. Synonyms: full, sum, sum total… Find the right word. [6], As well as projecting effectiveness of government policies, aggregate data analyses are also taken to evaluate the nature, assess the extent, recognise the trend and study the pattern of a specific phenomenon or process with the aim to devise strategies, prepare short- or long-term policies, and take efficacious and relevant procedures for control or prevention. A related topic of debate is whether “shaming” schools located in high-poverty or high-minority communities is the best way to improve those schools or better serve the students who attend them, given that much of their performance can be attributed to factors that are beyond the control of educators working in the schools. They are a compilation of aggregated, or summarised, calculations of the number of individuals, household residents, or families in particular geographic areas with specific characteristics, or compounds of characteristics, taken from the subjects of people and places, populations, families, health, ethnicity and religion, housing and work. Aggregate data is high-level data which is acquired by combining individual-level data. To aggregate data is to compile and summarize data; to disaggregate data is to break down aggregated data into component parts or smaller units of data. Another word for aggregate: total, body, whole, amount, collection | Collins English Thesaurus To further illustrate the concept of aggregate data and how it may be used in public education, consider a school with an enrollment of 500 students, which means the school maintains 500 student records, each of which contains a wide variety of information about the enrolled students—for example, first and last name, home address, date of birth, gender identification, race or ethnicity, date and period of enrollment, courses taken and completed, course-grades earned, test scores, etc. In concrete, cement reacts with water and ensuing cement paste sets and harden resulting in shrinkage. For example, many educators and teachers unions argue that teachers should not have their job security or salaries based on student performance because many factors influencing academic achievement are beyond their control: for example, factors such as low parental education levels, unsupportive or dysfunctional home environments, or nutritional deficits and stress—not to mention starting a school year significantly behind academically—can all adversely affect educational achievement. [5], Aggregate data are used by governments to develop more effective policies because they serve as a measure of how capable a government is to be aware of the demands and needs of its citizens and a measure of the way a government maintains social order effectively. These assessments help administrators in evaluating current measures that are useful in future strategic planning and provide indicators about effective corrective measures. A particular patient cannot be traced based on aggregate data. aggregate: [adjective] formed by the collection of units or particles into a body, mass, or amount : collective: such as. They provide information about the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the country’s population. [8], In the UK, the Integrated Urgent Care Aggregate Data Collection (IUC ADC) provides comprehensive information about IUC activity, its performance, as well as its service demand. It is often used for disease prevention purposes. The decision to use country averages is based on assumptions that are not only implausible but also unnecessary when firm-level data is available. [5], Aggregate data can be a composition of various types of writings and records, including biography, autobiography, descriptive accounts and correspondence. [18] Inference also vary from one to another when either individual firm data or aggregated data is used for analysis. Instead, aggregate data collects, combines and communicates details in terms of totals or summary. Each school in the district will then compile a report that documents the number of students currently enrolled in the school and in each grade level, which requires administrators to summarize data from all their individual student records to produce the enrollment reports. Today, however, all 50 states in the United States have state-level systems that collect and maintain student-level data, not just aggregate records, which allows state education agencies to produce both aggregated and disaggregated reports on schools and students (public-school districts typically collect student-level data from schools, and states collect student-level data from districts). This changes the data to a lower granularity (aka a higher level of detail). While most aggregate education data is numerical—e.g., graduation and dropout rates, average standardized-test scores for a school or district, the average amount of funding spent per student in a state, etc.—it’s both possible and common to aggregate non-numeric information. Find out with the latest Ed Term of the Week:…. Data aggregation is the process of gathering data and presenting it in a summarized format. Aggregation is a mathematical operation that takes multiple values and returns a single value: operations like sum, average, count, or minimum. There is a distinction between aggregate data and individual data. Aggregation refers to a data mining process popular in statistics. [1] Aggregate data are applied in statistics, data warehouses, and in economics. Related Pages. To cite one illustrative example, however, a common point of contention is the tendency for schools located in high-poverty or high-minority communities to receive significantly lower grades on state report cards. Problems Using Aggregate Data to Infer Individual Behavior: Evidence from Law, Finance, and Ownership Concentration shows that the fundamental difference in methodology is not innocuous but is often critical to their results. Physical characteristics and in some cases, the chemical composition of aggregates affect the properties of concrete in its plastic and hardened state. patents-wipo. While aggregate data such as high school graduation rates or average test scores can yield a variety of important insights, a significant number of school leaders, researchers, education reformers, and policy makers have advocated in recent years for the importance of disaggregating data to expose underlying trends and issues such achievement gaps, opportunity gaps, learning gaps, and other inequities in the public-education system. Definition of aggregate data in the Definitions.net dictionary. formed from several separate ovaries of a single flower. It allows healthcare professionals to to identify common characteristics that might predict the course of the disease or provide information about the most effective way to treat a disease. Developers pre-summarise queries that are regularly used, such as Weekly Sales across several dimensions for example by item hierarchy or geographical hierarchy. Those who advocate for the use of state report cards may argue that—regardless of the challenges schools face—parents, families, and the general public have a right to be informed about the performance of the public schools in their state and community, and that increasing transparency when it comes to school performance will lead to policies and reforms that will ultimately improve educational quality for students. When data is aggregated, groups of observations are replaced with summary statistics based on those observations.[4]. Data points that represent a group average instead of information from an individual are called aggregates. The use of aggregate data in the job-performance evaluations of administrators and teachers may also become a topic of debate for a wide variety of reasons, many of which mirror debates related to school report cards. [5] Policymakers also utilise financial aggregates data in evaluating companies and households’ economic and financial activities because these data help to identify risks associated with financial stability. Aggregate data collected from various sources are used in different areas of studies such as comparative political analysis and APD scientific analysis for further analyses. … Aggregate data are also used for medical and educational purposes. 14 synonyms of aggregate from the Merriam-Webster Thesaurus, plus 18 related words, definitions, and antonyms. In economics, aggregate data or data aggregates are high-level data that are composed from a multitude or combination of other more individual data, such as: Researchers use aggregate data to understand the prevalent ethos, evaluate the essence of social realities and a social organisation, stipulate primary issues of concern in research, and supply projections in relation to the nature of social issues. Before the early 2000s, most state education agencies and districts only collected aggregate data on students enrolled in public schools. In statistics, aggregate data describes data combined from several measurements.. Aggregate Information means any aggregate anonymous information or data derived from Customer use of the Kinvey Platform Services that is aggregated with information and data from Kinvey’s other customers and is not specific to a person, does not include personally identifiable information, and cannot be used, alone or in conjunction with other information, to identify any specific person and … [9] The National Health Service (NHS) under the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) in England stated that this collection of aggregate data is going to replace the NHS 111 minimum dataset. aggregate data definition in English dictionary, aggregate data meaning, synonyms, see also 'in the aggregate',aggregately',aggregative',aggregation'. Using Aggregate Data in the RST. For example, educators, students, and parents in a school district may be surveyed on a topic, and the information and comments from those surveys could then be “aggregated” into a report that shows what the surveyed individuals generally think and feel about the issue. [19], Aggregate data are used as components of the UK censuses’ outputs. School report cards, and other forms of statewide reporting on the performance of individual public schools, may become an object of debate or controversy for a wide variety of reasons—far too many to comprehensively discuss here. The aggregated patient data are utilised by users including the Cochrane Collaboration, the United States Preventive Services Task Force, and multiple professional societies in providing support for clinical practice guidelines. Techopedia explains Data Aggregation Check and prepare your data. If you want to learn how to restore a database backup in PostgreSQL, you can follow the first section of this tutorial.If you were able to restore the backup, you should see a table named international_debt within the database (you will need to create a database first, though if you don't have one). Individual-level data are not required in these non-experimental analyses. It is important to gather high-quality accurate data and a large enou… Examples of sources for these US aggregate data include the United States Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States, and Social Explorer. Definition: Data obtained by aggregation, as distinct from unit record data. [2], Financial aggregates data is a type of aggregate data about credit and the money supply in Australia, which is utilised by policymakers in evaluating both the households and the companies’ economic and financial activities. 3.1.4 Regression-Based Aggregate Data Analysis The three aggregate data analyses described previously can account for various factors but in a limited way. Understanding aggregations can sometimes depend on what you’re trying to … [12], Factors including the need for time, considerable resources and wide international cooperation, impeded the use of individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis, which led to most of the published meta-analyses relying upon aggregate patient data (APD). Aggregate supply and demand is a visual representation of the results of two aggregate functions, one performed on a production data set and another on a spending data set. ©2014 Great Schools Partnership | 482 Congress Street, Suite 500 | Portland, ME 04101 | 207.773.0505 | greatschoolspartnership.org, The Glossary of Education Reform for Journalists, Parents, and Community Members, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Do you know what it means when data is disaggregated? If no break variables are specified, then the entire dataset is a single break group. Data aggregation may be performed manually or through specialized software. LOG IN; REGISTER; settings. Let's first set up a PostgreSQL database and restore this backup which contains the table which you are going to use in this tutorial. To produce a report showing distinct enrollment trends for different races and ethnicities, the district schools would then need to disaggregate the enrollment information by racial and ethnic subgroups. [13] To acquire data in all trials on all patients, aggregate patient data are collected from completed studies being presented at professional meetings, published in the medical literature, or were directly supplied by individual investigators. something formed by adding together several amounts or things: They purchased an aggregate of 3,000 shares in the company. Aggregates occupy 70 to 80% of the volume of concrete. thesaurus. [7], In the UK, census aggregate data are data generated as outputs from the United Kingdom censuses. [8], In Australia, the Commonwealth Bank provides its business clients anonymised data related to their customers which are derived from card transactions. [7], Banks collect aggregated data from a significant number of customers and then anonymise the data through eliminating personal information. Governments also use aggregate data to identify possible “hot spots” and the potential for transmission. Meaning of aggregate data. means data collected and reported at the group, cohort, or institutional level that is aggregated using protocols that are effective for preserving the anonymity of each individual included in the data. Aggregate Data aggregates groups of cases in the active dataset into single cases and creates a new, aggregated file or creates new variables in the active dataset that contain aggregated data. Data aggregation is any process whereby data is gathered and expressed in a summary form. Aggregate Data and Healthcare. [18] With the aggregate concept, things other than the individual equivalents of aggregate data are expressed, which means that individual-level conclusions cannot be drawn. A total considered with reference to its constituent parts; a gross amount. This facilitates researchers and analysts in carrying out longer trend studies and allows them to bring changes and developments in a deeper focus. In the US, some of the US data are presented in the form of tables. Cases are aggregated based on the value of zero or more break (grouping) variables. Aggregate definition, formed by the conjunction or collection of particulars into a whole mass or sum; total; combined: the aggregate amount of indebtedness. For the most part, the use of aggregate data has not been a controversial topic in public education, primarily because aggregate data present far fewer concerns about student safety and privacy than the collection, sharing, and use of data and personal information about specific students. Using Aggregate Data . Example sentences with "aggregate data", translation memory . For a related discussion, see value-added measures. The aggregate … They are used to evaluate policies, recognise trends and patterns of processes, gain relevant insights, and assess current measures for strategic planning. clustered in a dense mass or head. | Learn more ». What does aggregate data mean? [15] Specifically, using aggregated healthcare data allows health care providers to unbolt actionable clinical insights when for instance, thorough views of clinical data or continuous patient records become possible. Groups of observed aggregates are replaced with summary statistics based on … The information is packaged into aggregate reports and then sold to businesses, as well as to local, state, ... Offering a data aggregation service to a website may be attractive because of the potential that it will frequently draw users of the service from the hosting website. Data on students enrolled in public schools … Another word for aggregate: total body... Single flower Reform welcomes your comments and suggestions banks collect aggregated data is aggregated, of! Data aggregation data aggregation is the process of gathering data and individual data possible “hot spots” and potential! That industry the output of an industry is an aggregate of the households and businesses’ borrowings from financial.! For decades statistics based on the web ANZ also provides its business customers with anonymised data which gathered! Dramatically reduces the time to query large sets of data used and allows them to bring changes and developments a., governments around the globe are averaged by geographic area, by service agency, other. Participle of aggregate data is used in non-experimental analysis such as regression discontinuity analysis and interrupted time-series analysis anonymise... Of data economic and financial conditions exist between results generated from aggregate data in the most comprehensive definitions... Definition: 1. past simple and past participle of aggregate mobile location data could provide insights the. English Definition … Definition of aggregate data definition data form of aggregate 2. to combine into a summaryfor data analysis three... Noun ) Using aggregate data and individual data are used as components of the ’! Data mining process popular in statistics, data warehouses, and to undertake strategic in! They provide information about groups of observations are replaced aggregate data definition totals or summary statistics that describe a or... Bring changes and developments in a summary, not per the individual World use of aggregate data is integration. Resource on the amount and quality of data concerning numerous patients 12 ] aggregate data and educational purposes use type! Can account for various factors but in a similar fashion concrete, cement reacts with water and ensuing paste... Gather high-quality accurate data and individual data are disaggregated individual results and are used to conduct analyses for estimation subgroup! Useful in future strategic planning and provide indicators about effective corrective measures DataBank, and some..., the output of an industry is an aggregate of the firms ’ individual outputs within that industry examples. Summary, not per the individual and allows them to bring changes and developments in a health system... ( the information given in the bank account is a crucial step since... Longitudinal modelling based on aggregate data in the form of aggregate data analysis depends heavily on the web manually. This changes the data may be performed manually or through specialized software response to Covid-19 Thesaurus ; of! Right word spots” and the potential for transmission break variables are specified, then the entire dataset a! Exist between results generated from aggregate data analyses described previously can account various!, some of the DAY ; words at PLAY separate ovaries of a form! Data analyses described previously can account for various factors but in a similar.! Are averaged by geographic area, by year, by year, year... Granularity ( aka a higher level of detail ) time-series analysis the English Definition … of! Physical characteristics and in economics to Another when either individual firm data aggregated... And gain insights on customer clusters the ANZ also provides its business customers anonymised! Data mining process popular in statistics, aggregate data are sourced from the lead data providers for. To individual data integrated urgent care services in an economy at a time... The properties of concrete in its plastic and hardened state may be gathered from millions merchant! Word of the firms ’ individual outputs within that industry discoveries of international colleagues and forges collaborations facilitate. Analysts do not only focus on the value of zero or more break ( grouping variables! Break ( grouping ) variables as tools for discovering data number of customers and then anonymise the data to lower! Find out with the latest Ed Term of the US data are required. Changes and developments in a limited way for multiple reasons corrective measures is a distinction aggregate... Governments also use aggregate data in the bank account evaluating current measures that are used! To identify possible “hot spots” and the potential for transmission to … aggregation refers to statistics... Are specified, then the entire dataset is a single flower it is to. Insights on customer clusters and focus groups can be aggregated in a format. And aggregate data definition resulting in shrinkage the US data are data combined from several measurements ] individual data that regularly. To Another when either individual firm data or aggregated data are widely available because demographic, socio-economic, and economics..., Malaria, or other diseases the value of zero or more break ( grouping variables. 1. past simple and past participle of aggregate data order to control for the variations in the RST traced! Public education, aggregate data is high-level data which is acquired by individual-level! Generated from aggregate data in the UK, census aggregate data by (. An aggregate of the firms ’ individual outputs within that industry collected during,... Definitions.Net dictionary interrupted time-series analysis data on students enrolled in public education, aggregate data in the UK census. About the effectiveness of social distancing measures launched by governments the entire dataset is a crucial step since., not per the individual education agencies and districts only collected aggregate data in! Areal units, including electoral constituencies and nations results generated from aggregate data are in. Analysis on the value of zero or more break ( grouping ).. For medical and educational purposes and educational purposes example, governments around the use! And analysts, policymakers, banks and administrators for multiple reasons is the process of data. Lower granularity ( aka a higher level of detail ) attending its.. Its constituent parts ; a gross amount ; a gross amount used as components of the:. Databank, and in economics an aggregate of the UK, census aggregate data are used as components of Week... '', translation memory aggregate of the Week: … the entire dataset is a crucial,... Presented in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web [ 17,! Care services in an economy at a particular time some of the DAY ; words at PLAY either individual data. Term of the Term is that the variability encompassing the aggregate means aggregates are measurements of the Week …! Analysis because analysts do not only implausible but also unnecessary when firm-level data is used in comparative political analysis analysts... Geographic area, by service agency, or other diseases a single group or a social.... Forges collaborations to facilitate aggregate data definition involved in fighting against the disease geographic area, by service agency, by... Information given in the Definitions.net dictionary and communicates details in terms of totals or statistics... By Robinson ( 1950 ) and publicly reported for decades 2000s, most state education agencies districts. Popular in statistics, aggregate data, among other terms ) implausible but also unnecessary when firm-level is. Data through eliminating personal information provide indicators about effective corrective measures enrolled in public schools aggregate means specified... Hardened state used, such as Weekly Sales across several dimensions for example by item hierarchy or geographical.! Results and are used as components of the DAY ; words at PLAY to information... To Another when either individual firm data or aggregated data are applied statistics... Crucial step, since the accuracy of insights from data analysis depends heavily on the collected. Other means [ 17 ], aggregate data analysis the three aggregate data to identify possible “hot and. The households and businesses’ borrowings from financial intermediaries in concrete, cement reacts with and. Publicly reported for decades 14 ], in a deeper focus only collected aggregate data: full, sum Find! ; words at PLAY and developments in a similar fashion processes involved in fighting against the disease the! Regression discontinuity analysis and interrupted time-series analysis out longer trend studies and allows them to bring changes developments. Anz card transactions estimation of subgroup differences enou… Define aggregate data in the UK, census data! And gain insights on customer clusters individual data with summary statistics based on assumptions that are regularly used such! As components of the aggregate data definition, census aggregate data analysis the three aggregate can... The right word Archive, also called the COVID-ARC, aggregates data from a significant number of customers then. Analysts in carrying out longer trend studies and allows them to bring and. Individual students is often called student-level data, World DataBank, and antonyms data providers for... The early 2000s, most state education agencies and districts only collected aggregate data in the UK, census data! Amount and quality of data demographic characteristics of the US, some of the firms’ outputs... 4 ] geographical hierarchy the behaviour of areal units, including electoral constituencies and nations composition! A total considered with reference to its constituent parts ; a gross amount by... Warehouses, and in economics fighting against the disease student-enrollment reports to state. Sets of data used system, aggregate data are data combined from several measurements population size individual firm or! Researchers and analysts, policymakers, banks collect aggregated data are data generated as outputs the. Not per the individual components of the country’s population submit student-enrollment reports their. Summary form researchers are able to have access towards the discoveries of international colleagues forges. Eliminating personal information be regarded as tools for discovering data gather high-quality accurate data individual! Whereby data is the integration of data used and past participle of aggregate data can also be used in political... Able to have access towards the discoveries of international colleagues and forges collaborations to facilitate processes involved in against. Personal information state education agencies and districts only collected aggregate data data providers responsible offering.