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She kicked the prisoners and literally walked over people. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. Thousands of SS guards were granted transfers from camps to field service, said Stefan Hrdler, yet Dey had remained at Stutthof until April 1945. The only survivor who gave evidence in person to the Furchner trial, Josef Salomonovic, described it as the worst of eight concentration camps he was forced to endure. A 97-year-old former secretary to the SS commander of Nazi Germany's Stutthof concentration camp has been found guilty of being an accessory to 10,505 murders. The prosecution accuses her of participating in the murder of inmates in the Stutthof concentration camp in present-day Poland, where she worked as a typist and secretary to the camp commander . Campo de Concentracion Stutthof, Polonia (Concentration Camp Stutthof, Poland). 2020 THE SUN, US, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED | TERMS OF USE | PRIVACY | YOUR AD CHOICES | SITEMAP, Isle Koch in an internment centre after her arrest, Women prisoners are put to work at Ravensbruck concentration camp, A roll call at Buchenwald camp, where Ilse Koch chose her victims, Ilse Koch at her trial in Germany in 1950, 'Tattooed human skin' found at the house of Ilse Koch after her arrest, Tattooed swatches are shown at the trial of Ilse Koch, Irma Grese beat women to death in the concentration camps, A boy walks down a road lined with dead prisoners from the Belsen camp, after its liberation in 1945, Elizabeth Volkenrath selected victims for the gas chamber, Hermine Braunstein was known as the "stomping mare", Hertha Bothe was known as the Sadist of Stutthof, Maria Mandl stripped and beat women "mercilessly", Female Nazi guards tortured and killed thousands, beat naked women to death & made lampshades from human skin, Prince Charles and Camilla BOTH receive their first dose of Covid vaccine, Moment pregnant newlywed, 18, and husband, 19, veer on wrong side of road in 89mph police chase before dying in crash. On a huge hill in Gdansk, the condemned guards including Jenny-Wanda Barkmann were executed on a huge gallows and it was said that around 200,000 people witnessed the executions of the former concentration camp guards.Join us today as we look at, 'The JUSTIFIED Executions Of The Guards Of Stutthof Concentration Camp.' The womans face became swollen and blue.. In December, a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of being complicit in the murder of over 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp that was located in occupied Poland. [41], In 1999, Artur mijewski filmed a group of nude people playing tag in one of the Stutthof gas chambers, sparking outrage.[42][43][44]. In total, the sub-camps held 110,000 prisoners from 25 countries according to the Jewish Virtual Library. [39] On 28 September 2021, Frau Furchner left her home in Hamburg and failed to show for her hearing, she was captured on 30 September 2021 and the hearing was rescheduled for 19 October 2021. After the war a number of war crimes trials took place called the Stutthof Trials, and following these there were a number of executions. [14] In July 2020, he was convicted of 5,232 counts of accessory to murder by the Hamburg state court, and was also convicted of one count of accessory to attempted murder. PoznaGniezno 2011, page 131 . English: Execution of Stutthof concentration campoverseers at Biskupia Grka(from left to right): Jenny-Wanda Barkmann, Ewa Paradies, Elisabeth Becker, Wanda Klaffand Gerda Steinhoff, further the guard SS-OberscharfhrerJohann Pauls(the chief of the work detail "Waldkolonne") and Polish kapos Date 4 July 1946 Source She is believed to have spent her childhood in Hamburg, Germany. Karl Koch was hanged in 1944, for embezzling millions from wealthy Germans and, in 1950, Ilse was jailed for life in Germany, for war crimes. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born on May 30, 1922, in Hamburg. Cut off by advancing Soviet forces the Germans forced the surviving prisoners back to Stutthof. A much higher total was reported by Colonel Howard A. Buechner, the chief medical officer of the 45th Infantry Division, who was at the camp during and after the liberation. That same summer, Irmgard Furchner had begun working in the camp commander's headquarters as a shorthand typist. In 1949, SS-Hauptsturmfhrer Hans Jacobi, the commandant of Stutthof subcamps forming Baukommando Weichsel or OT Thorn (Organisation Todt Thorn) for women digging anti-tank ditches,[6] was tried before the criminal court in Toru and sentenced to three years in prison. Historydefined.net is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com, Copyright 2023 History Defined | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. ", How nine women escaped from a Nazi death march, Historic ocean treaty agreed after decade of talks, China looks at reforms to deepen Xi's control, Inside the enclave surrounded by pro-Russia forces, 'The nurses wanted me to feel guilty about my abortion, From Afghan TV fame to a US factory floor. [35][36], Another Nazi camp guard, Bruno Dey, from Hamburg was charged in October 2019 of contributing to the killings of 5,230 prisoners at Stutthof camp between 1944 and 1945. [15], In 2021, Irmgard Furchner a German former concentration camp secretary and stenographer at Stutthof, where she worked for camp commandant Paul-Werner Hoppe,[16] was charged with 11,412 counts of accessory to murder and 18 additional counts of accessory to attempted murder,[17][18][19] On December 20, 2022 she was found guilty and sentenced to a suspended jail term of two years. [11], Several Norwegian Waffen SS volunteers worked as guards or as instructors for prisoners from Nordic countries, according to senior researcher at the Norwegian Center for Studies of Holocaust and Religious Minorities, Terje Emberland. [7][18], There was a controversy regarding whether corpses from Stutthof were used in the production of soap made from human corpses at the lab of Professor Rudolf Spanner. [5] It is estimated that between 63,000 and 65,000 prisoners of Stutthof concentration camp and its subcamps died as a result of murder, starvation, epidemics, extreme labour conditions, brutal and forced evacuations, and a lack of medical attention. 2023 BBC. Washington, DC 20024-2126 He was tried in a juvenile court due to being about 17 at that time. Herta Bothe was a Nazi concentration camp guard at Ravensbrck-stutthof and Bergen-Belsen. The commandant of the Stutthof and Neuengamme concentration camps SS-Sturmbannfhrer Max Pauly was sentenced to death in Germany at about the same time. In 1943, the Nazis began drafting women because of the shortage of guards. The first trial was held from 25 April to 31 May 1946, against 30 ex-officials and prisoner-guards of the camp. [10], Among the notable female guard personnel were: Elisabeth Becker, Erna Beilhardt, Ella Bergmann, Ella Blank, Gerda Bork, Herta Bothe, Erna Boettcher, Hermine Boettcher-Brueckner, Steffi Brillowski, Charlotte Graf, Charlotte Gregor, Charlotte Klein, Gerda Steinhoff, Ewa Paradies, and Jenny-Wanda Barkmann. [2], During the first trial held at Gdask from April 25, 1946, to May 31, 1946, the joint Soviet/Polish Special Criminal Court tried and convicted of crimes against humanity a group of thirteen ex-officials and overseers of the Stutthof concentration camp in Sztutowo and its Bromberg-Ost subcamp for women located in the city of Bydgoszcz. National Socialism was RIGHT and we will return and we will remember things like this, so lowlife like you had better beware. Two weeks later, on September 15th 1939 . [13] Other sources say that the camp staff shot most remaining inmates in a mass murder. Do you know this baby? In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. When the Allies tried the perpetrators of the Holocaust after the end of the war, the public was surprised by the beastly behavior of female guards like Irma Grese and Elisabeth Volkenrath, who often committed worse acts than their male counterparts. Eleven defendants including the former commander, Johann Pauls, were sentenced to death. It was also the final camp liberated by the Allies in May 1945. In total, 21 women who worked in the concentration camps faced the gallows. Tens of thousands of people, perhaps as many as 100,000, were deported to the Stutthof camp. In recent years, prosecutors have successfully convicted former death camp guards using the argument that by helping to operate camps like Auschwitz and Sobibor, they were accessories to the. Detainees had to walk the long distance towards Germany as the Nazi Eastern Front crumbled. In September 1939, the Germans established the Stutthof camp in a wooded area west of Stutthof (Sztutowo), a town about 22 miles east of Danzig (Gdansk). The number of inmates increased considerably in 1944, with Jews forming a significant proportion of the newcomers. Former Stutthof SS guard Bruno Dey, now 93, is standing trial in Germany, charged as an accessory to the murder of 5,230 Jews from 1944 to 1945. . [4], Stutthof was the first German concentration camp set up outside German borders in World WarII, in operation from 2 September 1939. It was surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fences. As the war ended, Jenny Barkmann attempted to evade the Red Army under a false name in the besieged city of Gdansk. [17] Between 63,000 and 65,000 people died in the camp. BERLIN (AP) A 92-year-old former SS private will go on trial this fall in Germany on 5,230 counts of being an accessory to murder, accused of helping the Nazis' Stutthof concentration camp In 1944 she became a guard at the Stutthof Concentration camp. The town of Sztutowo (Polish name for ' Stutthof') lies 55km east of Gdask and is easily accessed by both car and bus. This was conflated with the separate debunked rumours of industrial production of human soap in concentration camps, which circulated during the war, and thereafter used as proof of this during the Nuremberg trials. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. It is an obscenity and should be punished, if there are still any of these scum around today, they should be brought to justice. Thirty-four female guards including Becker, Bothe, Steinhoff, Paradies, and Barkmann were identified later as having committed crimes against humanity. On one occasion, she selected 1,100 of 1,400 prisoners present to be sent to their deaths. Another former Nazi camp guard, who is 101-years-old, was sentenced to five years in prison for being an accessory to murder in 3,500 cases at the . One camp which was established in Poland was Stutthof Concentration Camp, and throughout its time in operation around 65,000 people died at the camp. Stutthof concentration camp Stutthof was a Nazi concentration camp established by Nazi Germany in a secluded, marshy, and wooded area near the small town of Stutthof (now Sztutowo) 34 km (21 mi) east of the city of Danzig in the territory of the Free City of Danzig. [3] The inmate population rose to 6,000 in the following two weeks, on 15 September 1939. The next three trials took place at the same court in October 831, 1947, November 510, and in November 1929 of that year. On this date in 1946, officials of Soviet-occupied Poland publicly hanged eleven convicted war criminals of the Stutthof concentration camp. Such marches became common, as the Nazis sought to erase evidence of their crimes, and many of the detainees were killed as the war neared its end. I met her in the field and did not manage to get out of her way in time. [1] 4,000 prisoners, including Jewish women and children, were killed in a gas chamber before the evacuation of the camp. [37] On 23 July 2020, he was given a two-year suspended sentence by the court in Hamburg. The second trial was held from October 8, 1947, to October 31, 1947, before a Polish Special Criminal Court. This blog has been around for a while. At her 1945 trial, survivor Dora Silverberg testified that Juana knocked her teeth out when she reported that her friend was very sick and couldnt walk to the working site because she was so weak. Row of Barracks at Stutthof Countless prisoners who were left too weak to work were simply murdered. In perhaps the last ever Nazi war crimes trial, Irmgard Furchner attended court in Germany for more than a year as prosecutors outlined their case against her. [19][28] It was also added that Spanner was arrested twice after the war but released after each time after explaining how he had conducted the maceration and injection process of his models and was declared "clean" by the denazification program in 1948, officially exonerated, and resumed his academic career. Arraigned 24 ex-officials and guards of the Stutthof concentration camp were judged and found guilty. It has been estimated that over 25,000 prisoners, one in two, died during the evacuation from Stutthof and its subcamps. Of the 55,000 guards who worked in the Third Reichs concentration camps, 3,700 were women, many of who were volunteers. Efraim Zuroff is the Center's "Nazi Hunter-in-Chief." He defended the need to prosecute such crimes more than seventy years after the event, saying "The passage of time in no way . The second trial was held from 8 October to 31 October 1947, before a Polish Special Criminal Court. SS-Aufseherin Jenny Wanda Barkmann - death by hanging 3. He was executed November 8 in Wloclawek[7][8]. In September 1942, Bothe became the SS Aufseherin camp guard at the Nazi German Ravensbrck concentration camp for women. At a hill in Gdansk known as Biskupia Gorka (Bishop Hill), upon a specially-erected row of four T-shaped double gallows centered around a pi-shaped triple gallows, and before a crowd of thousands, the doomed eleven were noosed on the back of military trucks which then drove away to leave them strangling to death with a short drop hanging. "You didn't know if the officers were acting on orders, or if they did it on their breaks," he said. In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. Found guilty by a British Military Tribunal, she was sentenced to death and hanged on December 13 1945, aged 52. More than 60,000 people died in the camp. It was claimed that she beat women inmates to death and whipped others to within an inch of their lives using a plaited cellophane whip, a belt and a walking stick. Over 65,000 prisoners perished, many of who were Polish Intelligentsia, former politicians, and resistance leaders, as well as 28,000 Jews. A narcissist who had numerous affairs with SS officers, she was said to have deliberately chosen women she considered more beautiful than her. This week, a 95-year-old woman was arrested in Germany and charged with complicity in the murders of 10,000 people - the first such case in recent years. In July, Bruno Dey, a 93-year-old former SS guard at Stutthof was convicted of aiding in the murder of 5,230 people, most of them Jews. The trial lasted from March 18, 1946 to May 13, 1946. [11] In December 2018, the trial was suspended, since the convict had to be hospitalized for serious heart and kidney problems. Why Did Ancient Egyptian Men Wear Makeup? Not all the female guards were monsters - with many sharing food and clothing with inmates at considerable risk to themselves. The well known Nuremberg Trials were only concerned with concentration camps as evidence for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by the Third Reich leadership. She then ordered her dog, known as the big, bad, wolfhound to attack the sick girl, who was sitting on the ground, She later died from the bites. The Germans forced the surviving prisoners back to Stutthof. Now 92, he vividly remembers the five camps and sub-camps of Stutthof that he was sent to. An additional trial was attempted in November 2018, when Johann Rehbogen was accused of being an accessory to murder. You excuses for human beings are no better than you accuse the National Socialists of being. [7], On 5 May 1945, a barge full of starving prisoners was towed into harbour at Klintholm Havn in Denmark where 351 of the 370 on board were saved. you are right, they should have been soaked in gasoline and torched right before they were hanged. But the former nurse became known as the Sadist of Stutthof due to the vicious beatings she meted out to inmates at the camp, in Nazi-occupied Poland. Sadistic Koch - known as the Witch of Buchenwald - was just one of many women who murdered, maimed and tortured Jewish prisoners in the Holocaust. Theres more about Stutthofs history at the Holocaust Research Project, and at the current memorial facilitys home page. Asia Shindelman said many prisoners had to walk hundreds of kilometres with little clothing for the cold weather. The Stutthof concentration camp was the first to be established by the Nazi regime outside Germany's borders, and one of the last to be liberated. The first Nazi war criminal to be extradited from the US, in 1973, Hermine Braunstein was known as the Kobyla - meaning stomping mare - because of her tendency to kick women to death with her steel-capped boots. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. [3], A range of German organisations and individuals used Stutthof prisoners as forced laborers. [citation needed] Until 1942, nearly all of the prisoners were Polish. What's the least amount of exercise we can get away with? Stutthof was the first camp outside German borders, in operation from 2 September 1939, and the last camp liberated by the Allies on 9 May 1945. [14], Stutthof's registered inmates included citizens of 28 countries, and besides Jews and Poles Germans, Czechs, Dutch, Belgians, French, Norwegians, Finns, Danes, Lithuanians, Latvians, Belarusians, Russians, Croats and others. Who is Rod Ponton and why has he gone viral? Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a vast network of forced-labor camps; 105 Stutthof subcamps were established throughout northern and central German-occupied Poland. 13 Amazing Photos of the Construction of the Empir. About 3,700 out of the 55,000 guards in the camps were women. Standing at 6ft 3in, Hertha Botte was an imposing figure, who also stood out from other SS guards because she wore civilian clothing instead of the hated uniform. The first trial of Stutthof criminals took place in 1946 in Gdansk, with Barkmann standing trial alongside 13 other defendants: During the trial, Barkmann flirted with guards, obsessed over her hair, and inappropriately giggled at times. The people who did this and all adults who watched it (I notice there are even very young children watching, says a lot about the sort of people perpetrating these disgusting CRIMES) should be tried and punished. The first prisoners arrived in the camp on September 2nd. We will rise again and we will destroy ALL of you scum who revel in this disgusting obscene filth. It was not produced on an industrial scale, but still for utilitarian purpose, Soap made from human corpses Danzig Anatomical Institute, debunked rumours of industrial production of human soap in concentration camps, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps, "History of the concentration camp in Stuttfof", "Stutthof, the first Nazi concentration camp outside Germany", "Mennonites and the Holocaust: From Collaboration to Perpetuation", Datos de 295 Mujeres Pertenecientes a la SS: Christel Bankewitz, Stutthof, "Norske vakter jobbet i Hitlers konsentrasjonsleire", "PHASE II: THE GERMAN OCCUPATION OF ESTONIA IN 19411944", "Klooga Concentration Camp and Holocauts Memorial. A 99-year-old who was being investigated on suspicion of complicity in murder as a former Nazi camp guard has died, ending the case against him, German prosecutors said Tuesday. Berlin CNN A 96-year-old man accused of being an SS guard at the Stutthof camp in Nazi-occupied Poland has been deemed "unfit to stand trial." The man, named only as "Harry S.," is. He remembers searching for his mother, who had been in the women's camp at Stutthof, when he came across his friend Zigi. Like many of his fellow inmates, the man would be murdered and stripped of his skin - which would be used to make a lampshade in Kochs home. She was also notorious for beating inmates unconscious, often with a rubber truncheon, and she once pushed an old lady down a flight of stairs, killing her instantly. 1939). Bruno Dey was convicted of complicity in mass murder there last year and given a suspended sentence, Putting names to archive photos, The children left behind in Cuba's mass exodus, In photos: India's disappearing single-screen cinemas. A crematorium and gas chamber[9] were added in 1943, just in time to start mass executions when Stutthof was included in the "Final Solution" in June 1944. [33] Being tried at the age of 94, court proceedings were limited to no more than two hours per day and two non-consecutive days per week. $156.33. The sub-camps of Stutthof included:[30][31][32], The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system began on 25 January 1945. What science tells us about the afterlife. Though there is no evidence linking him to a specific killing, prosecutors argue that as a guard he helped the camp function and "supported the insidious and cruel killing of mainly Jewish prisoners.". Hitler shot his brains out in despair. He was found guilty and sentenced to death with 11 other defendants. Stutthof Concentration Camp. There she became known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her brutal beatings of prisoners. A report by the Seventh Army, written by Lieutenant Colonel Walter J. Fellenz, mentions a total of 17 guards killed. Why Are There Superstitions Around Black Cats? Women were needed, especially to oversee womens camps like at Ravensbruck. Inside of the barbed wire fences, horror and brutality was administered by the SS. [7][8] Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. Procesy", "KARA MIERCI W GDASKU 19451987 Encyklopedia Gdaska". Many prisoners died in typhus epidemics that swept the camp in the winter of 1942 and again in 1944. In November 1941, it became a "labor education" camp, administered by the German Security Police. His testimony is part of a court case against a 93-year-old former guard. DW sends out a daily selection of hard news and quality feature journalism. The death sentences were carried out on July 4, 1946 at the Biskupia Grka in Gdask, by short-drop hanging.[3]. Nazi concentration camp in present-day Sztutowo, Poland, "Stutthof" redirects here. "The main entrance gate of Stutthof became known as the Death Gate because once you entered it was more or less a death sentence," Mr Goldberg remembers. Among the 55,000 guards at the concentration camps, 10,000 were women and they were trained to be every bit as vicious as their male counterparts. Soviet forces liberated Stutthof on May 9, 1945, and liberated about 100 prisoners who had managed to hide during the final evacuation of the camp. It was approximately 36 km east of the city of Gdansk, where the Visla river flows into the Baltic Sea. [19][20][21], Historian Joachim Neander argued that, contrary to some claims made in the previous years, what the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) calls the "chemical substance which was essentially soap"[22] was the byproduct of Spanner's bone maceration processes done to create anatomical models at the Danzig Anatomical Institute, where he worked and which was not part of the Stutthof camp. Subscribe to this by clicking this link:https://www.youtube.com/c/TheFortresssThanks for watching! Conditions in the camp were brutal and prisoners were used as forced laborers. In mid-1950s, a number of Nazi concentration camp commandants were sentenced to jail for supervising the murder of Jewish prisoners in gas chambers between 19421944, including Otto Knott[pl], Otto Haupt[pl] and Bernard Ldtke[pl]. Stutthof concentration camps women forced labor death marches. The event drew an immense crowd of approximately 200,000 people, and due to humanitarian concerns, authorities refrained from organizing further public executions. In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. The third trial was held from 5 November to 10 November 1947, before a Polish Special Criminal Court. If I ever meet up with you I WILL kill you. At the age of 24, she accompanied a death march of women from central Poland to Bergen-Belsen. National Socialism was RIGHT and we will return and we will remember things like this, so lowlife like you had better beware.. Shortly before the German surrender, some prisoners were transferred to Malmo, Sweden, and released to the care of that neutral country. Prisoners sent straight to gas chambers didn't receive anything. Headsman, you ought to investigate this nutter above who is issuing death threats on your site. Speaking through an interpreter, Koryski said he had seen SS guards put on sadistic "shows" to torture prisoners, includingoneinstance in which a son was forced to beat his father to death in front of other inmates. [17][3] Prisoners were also drowned in mud or clubbed to death. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 The Soviet/Polish Special Criminal Court found all of them guilty of the charges. The selection process for these guards was lax. Ten were sentenced to death. Known, chillingly, as the woman with the dogs, Juana Bormann used trained dogs in sadistic attacks on inmates at Ravensbruck and later Auschwitz, where she served under Irma Grese. All opinions and comments and dialogue should discuss the video above in a historical manner.TheUntoldPast does not accept any racism, profanity, insults, sexism or any negative discussion aimed at an individual. The fourth and final trial was also held before a Polish Special Criminal Court, from 19 November to 29 November 1947. In total, of the approximately 2,000 SS men and women who ran the entire camp complex, 72 SS officers and six female overseers were brought to justice. Those whom the SS guards judged too weak or sick to work were gassed in the camp's small gas chamber. At Auschwitz she would pick kids as pets, with one survivor recalling how she dressed one in fine clothing, parading it around like a puppet - only to send the child to the gas chamber when she got bored. per adult (price varies by group size) Private transportation to the Stutthof Concentration Camp 4 hour. Germany: Ex-Nazi camp guard dies, ending case against him. View the list of all donors. Support the channel by subscribing, liking, and sharing. Overseeing working parties that left the camp ln slave labour, she would attack women who became too sick or weak. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. How healthy are India's 1.4 billion people? Rajiv Kapoor family: Who is Rajiv Kapoor's ex-wife Aarti Sabharwal and did they have any children? Rising to the rank of supervisor at 19, she also worked at Auschwitz and Belsen, where she was arrested by British forces in 1945. She also personally hanged young female prisoners and beat two women to death with a leather whip. As a Jewish boy from Germany, the young Goldberg had already been deported to Latvia before being sent to Stutthof for slave labour. Little is known about her life, but it is a known fact that in 1944 she became- Aufseherin, a female-guard, in the women's section of Stutthof concentration camp. had worked as a secretary at the Stutthof concentration camp was charged with . Not all of the Stutthof camp remains and the site is now a memorial. American survivor Asia Shindelman, who testified via video link, said she had been taken there with her parents, uncle and grandmother and witnessed prisoners being thrown by guards into electrified fences. [23][22][29], The main German concentration camp in Stutthof had as many as 40 sub-camps during World War II. "You did not seek a way out," the judge said. Check out our SECOND CHANNEL TheFortress for a new video EVERY DAY! Sign up here. [20][21], Lista osob Straconych w wiezieniach Polskich w latach 1944 1956 , IPN, 1990, Zaoga obozu Stutthof (Staff of Stutthof concentration camp), "Odpowiedzialno za zbrodnie popenione w Stutthofie. Ackermann, who delivered the lamp, said that its base was made from a human foot and shinbone and the shade had tattoos and even nipples.